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00:01:082 min.
MR. BROKAW, -

Good evening from Belmont University in Nashville,

Tennessee. I'm Tom Brokaw of NBC News, and welcome to this second

presidential debate...

00:03:2912 sec.
Question, -

With the economy on the downturn, and retired and older

citizens and workers losing their incomes, what's the fastest, most

positive solution...

00:03:412 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Allen, thank you very much for the question.

I want to first obviously thank Belmont University. Tom, thank you,

and to all of you...

00:05:464 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain?

00:05:502 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you, Tom.

Thank you, Belmont University.

And Senator Obama, it's good to be with you at a town hall

meeting.

And...

00:07:5316 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator, we have one minute for a discussion here.

Obviously, the powers of the Treasury secretary have been greatly

expanded, the most...

00:08:092 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Not you, Tom. (Laughter.)

00:08:116 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

(Chuckles.) (Inaudible.) With good reason.

(Laughter.)

00:08:171 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

You know, that's a tough question. And there's a

lot of qualified Americans. But I think the first criteria, Tom,

would have to be somebody...

00:09:214 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Yup. All right.

Senator McCain -- Senator Obama, who do you have in mind for a

Treasury secretary?

00:09:251 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Warren would be a pretty good choice, Warren

Buffett, and I'm pleased to have his support. But there are other

folks out there.

The...

00:10:3523 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, thank you very much.

May I remind both of you, if I can, that we're operating under

rules that you signed off on, and when...

00:10:5811 sec.
Question, -

Well, Senators, through this economic crisis, most of the

people that I know have had a difficult time. And through this

bailout package,...

00:11:092 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you, Oliver.

And that's an excellent question because, as you just described

it, "bailout" when I believe that it's "rescue."...

00:13:202 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama.

00:13:222 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Oliver, first let me tell you what's in the

rescue package for you.

Right now, the credit markets are frozen up. And what that means

as...

00:15:5312 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, time for a discussion. I'm going to

begin with you.

Are you saying to Mr. Clark and to the other members of the

American...

00:16:0543 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

No. I am confident about the American economy, but

we are going to have to have some leadership from Washington that not

only sets out much...

00:16:484 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, in all candor, do you think the

economy's going to get worse before it gets better?

00:16:5256 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I think it depends on what we do.

I think if we act effectively -- if we stabilize the housing

market, which I believe we can if we go out...

00:17:481 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Yeah.

00:17:498 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

And they are the innocent bystanders here in what

is the biggest financial crisis and challenge of our time. We can do

it.

00:17:5713 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Thank you, Senator McCain.

We're going to continue over in Section F, as it turns out.

Senator Obama, this is a question from (sic) you,...

00:18:1013 sec.
Question, -

How can we trust either of you with our money when both

parties got us into this global economic crisis?

00:18:232 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, look, I understand your frustration and your

cynicism, because while you've been carrying out your

responsibilities, most of the people...

00:20:262 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain.

00:20:282 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, Teresa, thank you. And I can see why you

feel that cynicism and mistrust, because the system in Washington is

broken.

And I...

00:23:031 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator --

00:23:042 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

-- $700 billion a year overseas.

00:23:0625 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

We've run out of time. We have this one-minute

discussion period going on here.

There are new economic realities out there, that everyone...

00:23:31
SEN. MCCAIN, -

That was --

00:23:311 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain.

00:23:322 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

The three priorities were health --

00:23:3410 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

The three, health -- health care, energy, and

entitlement reform -- Social Security and Medicare. In what order

will you put them in terms...

00:23:441 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I -- I think you can work on all three at once,

Tom. I think it's very important that we reform our entitlement

programs. My friends, we...

00:25:1011 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

I'm trying to play by the rules that you all

established: one minute for discussion.

Senator Obama, if you would, give us your list of priorities.

There...

00:25:212 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

We're going to have to prioritize, just like a

family has to prioritize.

Now, I've listed the things that I think have to be at the top...

00:27:293 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

All right. Gentlemen, I want to just remind you one

more time about time.

00:27:321 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

(Laughs.)

00:27:3330 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

We're going to have a larger deficit than the

federal government does if we don't get this under control here before

too long. (Laughter.)

We...

00:28:032 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, Fiorra, I'm going to ask the American people

to understand that there are some programs that we may have to

eliminate. I first proposed...

00:30:065 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, thank you very much.

Senator Obama?

00:30:112 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

You know, a lot of you remember the tragedy of 9/11

and where you were on that day and, you know, how all of the country

was ready to come...

00:32:2937 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, as we begin very quickly our

discussion period, President Bush, you'll remember last summer said

that Wall Street got drunk....

00:33:061 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, I think it starts with Washington. We've got

to show that we've got good habits because if we're running up

trillion-dollar debts...

00:34:561 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain.

00:34:571 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

You know, nailing down Senator Obama's various tax

proposals is like nailing Jell-O to the wall. There's been five or

six of them. And if...

00:36:533 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, we have another question from the

Internet.

00:36:564 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Tom, can I respond to this briefly, because --

00:37:002 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Well, look, guys, the rules --

00:37:02
SEN. OBAMA, -

I understand.

00:37:022 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

-- were established by the two campaigns. We worked

very hard on this.

00:37:04
SEN. OBAMA, -

Right.

00:37:041 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

This will address, I think, the next question --

00:37:053 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

The -- the -- the tax issue, because I think it's

very important. Go ahead.

00:37:081 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

(Laughs.) There are lots of issues that we're going

to be dealing with here tonight.

00:37:09
SEN. OBAMA, -

Let's go.

00:37:0941 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

And we have a question from Langdon (sp) in Ballston

Spa, New York, and that's about huge unfunded obligations for Social

Security, Medicare...

00:37:502 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Tom, we're going to have to take on

entitlements, and I think we've got to do it quickly. We're going to

have a lot of work to do,...

00:40:201 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, two years for reform of entitlement

programs?

00:40:2110 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Sure. Hey, I'll answer the question. (Laughter.)

Look, it's not that hard to fix Social Security, Tom. It's just

tough decisions.

00:40:31
MR. BROKAW, -

And Medicare.

00:40:311 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I want to get to Medicare in a second.

Social Security is not that tough. We know what the problems

are, my friends, and we know what the...

00:42:176 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, thank you very much.

I'm going to stick by my part of the pact and not ask a follow-up

here.

00:42:23
SEN. MCCAIN, -

(Laughs.)

00:42:2312 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

The next question does come from the hall for

Senator McCain.

It comes from Section C over here and it's from

Ingrid Jackson. Ingrid?

00:42:3517 sec.
Question, -

Senator McCain, I want to know -- we saw that Congress

moved pretty fast in the face of a(n) economic crisis. I want to know

what you would...

00:42:521 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you.

Look, we are in tough economic times. We all know that. And

let's keep -- never forget the struggle that Americans are...

00:44:353 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama?

00:44:382 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

This is one of the biggest challenges of our times,

and it is absolutely critical that we understand this is not just a

challenge, it's...

00:47:073 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Gentlemen, you may not have noticed, but we have

lights around here.

00:47:101 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

(Laughs.)

00:47:11
MR. BROKAW, -

They have -- they have red and green --

00:47:112 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

All right.

00:47:131 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

-- and yellow, and they are to signal to --

00:47:14
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Tell you what --

00:47:141 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

I'm just trying to keep up with John, you know?

00:47:151 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Tell you what --

00:47:161 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Okay, here --

00:47:173 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Tell you what, Tom: wave -- wave like that way and

I'll look at you.

00:47:20
MR. BROKAW, -

All right, Senator.

00:47:202 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Okay.

00:47:221 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Here's a follow-up to that, one-minute discussion.

00:47:23
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Sure.

00:47:232 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

It's a simple question.

00:47:251 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Sure.

00:47:2616 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Should we fund a Manhattan-like Project -- that

developed the nuclear bomb -- to deal with global energy and

alternative energy? Or should...

00:47:421 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I think pure research and development investment on

the part of the -- of the United States government is certainly

appropriate. I think...

00:49:1113 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

(Laughs.) Thank you very much, Senator.

Next question for you, Senator Obama, and it comes from the E

section over here. And it's from Lindsey...

00:49:2414 sec.
Question, -

Senator, selling health care coverage in America as a

marketable commodity has become a very profitable industry. Do you

believe health...

00:49:382 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, you know, as I travel around the country, this

is one of the single most frequently asked issues that I get, is the

issue of health...

00:52:112 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain?

00:52:132 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you for the question. You -- you --

you really identified one of the really major challenges that America

faces.

Copayments...

00:54:498 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Quick discussion: Is health care in America a

privilege, a right, or a responsibility? Senator McCain.

00:54:5749 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I think it's a responsibility in this respect, in

that we should have available and affordable health care to every

American citizen, to...

00:55:463 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, why don't -- why don't -- let's talk about

this, Tom, because there -- there was just a lot of stuff out there

that --

00:55:492 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Privilege, right or responsibility? Let's start

with that.

00:55:512 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, I think it should be a right for every

American. In a country as wealthy as ours, for us to have people who

are going bankrupt because...

00:58:101 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator.

00:58:1116 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

-- what happens is, is that the protections you

have, the consumer protections that you need, you're not going to have

available to you....

00:58:279 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator, we want to move on now. We come back to

the hall here. We're going to shift gears here a little bit and we're

going to go to foreign...

00:58:364 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Before we leave that, did we hear the size of the

fine? (Chuckles.)

00:58:406 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Phil Elliot is over here in this section, and Phil

Elliot has a question for Senator McCain. Phil?

00:58:4610 sec.
Question, -

Yes, Senator McCain. How will all the recent economic

stress affect our nation's ability to act as a peacemaker in the

world?

00:58:562 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, I thank you for that question because there's

no doubt, and history shows us, that nations that are strong

militarily over time have...

01:00:596 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, the economic constraints on U.S.

military action around the world.

01:01:052 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, you know, Senator McCain, in the last debate

and today again, suggested that I don't understand. It's true; there

are some things...

01:03:2730 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama, let me ask you -- see if we can

establish tonight the Obama doctrine and the McCain doctrine for the

use of United States...

01:03:571 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, we may not always have national security

issues at stake, but we have moral issues stake. I mean, if -- if --

if we could have intervened...

01:05:243 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, the McCain doctrine, if you will.

01:05:272 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, let me just follow up, my friends. If we had

done what Senator Obama wanted done in Iraq, and that was set a date

for withdrawal,...

01:07:5412 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, thank you very much.

Next question for Senator Obama. It comes from the F Section,

and it's from Katie Hamm. Katie?

01:08:0613 sec.
Question, -

Should the United States respect Pakistani sovereignty and

not pursue al Qaeda terrorists who maintain bases there, or should we

ignore...

01:08:192 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Katie, it's a terrific question.

And we have a difficult situation in Pakistan. I believe that

part of the reason we have a difficult...

01:10:212 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain.

01:10:232 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, Katie, thank you.

You know, my hero is a guy named Teddy Roosevelt. Teddy

Roosevelt used to say, walk softly -- talk softly but carry...

01:12:27
SEN. OBAMA, -

Tom --

01:12:271 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain --

01:12:282 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Tom, just a quick follow-up on this. I think --

01:12:302 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

If we're going to have follow-ups, then I will want

follow-ups as well.

01:12:322 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

No, no, I know that.

01:12:341 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Be fine with me.

01:12:351 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

I think we'll get at it, if I can, with this

question.

01:12:361 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Be fine with me.

01:12:37
SEN. OBAMA, -

Let's have one.

01:12:371 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

All right, let's have a follow-up.

01:12:381 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Be fine with me.

01:12:391 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Just a quick follow-up, because I think this is

important.

01:12:401 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Sure.

01:12:414 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

I'm just the hired help here, so, I mean --

(laughter).

01:12:4546 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

You're doing a great job, Tom.

Look, I want to be very clear about what I said. Nobody called

for the invasion of Pakistan. Senator McCain...

01:13:311 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Thank you very much. (Laughs.)

01:13:3253 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Senator McCain, this is the guy who sang "Bomb,

Bomb, Bomb Iran;" who called for the annihilation of North Korea.

That I don't think is...

01:14:255 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Tom, if -- if we're going to go back and forth, I

then -- I'd like to have equal time to go -- to respond to --

01:14:301 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Yeah, you get to --

01:14:311 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

-- to -- to this.

01:14:321 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Last word here, and then we have to move on.

01:14:331 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

I mean, not true. Not true. I have obviously

supported those efforts that the United States had to go in

militarily, and I have opposed...

01:15:3936 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Can I get a quick response from the two of you about

developments in Afghanistan this week?

The senior British military commander, who is...

01:16:1558 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

I'll be very brief.

We are going to have to make the Iraqi government start taking

more responsibility, withdraw our troops in a responsible...

01:17:133 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, briefly.

01:17:161 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

General Petraeus has just taken over a position of

responsibility, where he has the command and will really set the tone

for the strategy...

01:18:3512 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, this question is from you, from the

Internet. It's from Alden (sp) in Hewitt, Texas.

"How can we apply pressure to Russia...

01:18:471 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

First of all, may I say I don't think -- we're not

going to have another Cold War with -- with Russia. But have no doubt

that Russia's behavior...

01:20:381 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama? We're --

01:20:393 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

It will not be a reignition of the Cold War, but

Russia is a challenge.

01:20:424 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama? We're winding down, so if we can

keep track of the time.

01:20:462 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, the resurgence of Russia is one of the central

issues that we're going to have to deal with in the next presidency.

And for the most...

01:23:0411 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

This requires only a yes or a no.

Ronald Reagan famously said that the Soviet Union was the "evil

empire." Do you think that Russia under...

01:23:1513 sec.
SEN. OBAMA, -

I think they've engaged in evil behavior, and I

think that it is important that we understand they're not the old

Soviet Union, but they...

01:23:282 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain?

01:23:301 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Maybe. (Laughter.)

01:23:311 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Maybe?

01:23:3242 sec.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Depends on how we respond to Russia and depends on

a lot of things. If I say yes, then that means that we're reigniting

the old Cold War....

01:24:1410 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

All right. We're going to try to get in two more

questions, if we can, so we have to move along.

Over in Section A, Terry Shirey. Do I have...

01:24:2426 sec.
Question, -

Senator, as a retired Navy chief, my thoughts are often

with those who serve our country. I know both candidates -- both of

you expressed...

01:24:501 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you, Terry, and thank you for your

service to the country.

I want to say, everything I ever learned about leadership...

01:26:432 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator Obama.

01:26:452 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

Well, Terry, first of all, we honor your service,

and -- and we're grateful for it.

We cannot allow Iran to get a nuclear weapon. It would...

01:29:1425 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

All right. Gentlemen, we've come to the last

question, and you'll both be interested to know -- this comes from the

Internet and it's from...

01:29:392 min.
SEN. OBAMA, -

My wife, Michelle, is there, and she could give you

a much longer list than I do. (Laughter.) And most of the time, I

learn it by asking...

01:31:584 sec.
MR. BROKAW, -

Senator McCain, you get the last word. Senator

Obama had the opening. You're last up.

01:32:021 min.
SEN. MCCAIN, -

Well, thank you, Tom. And I think what I don't

know is what all of us don't know. And that's what's going to happen

both here at home and...

01:33:503 min.
MR. BROKAW, -

Thank you very much, Senator McCain.

That concludes tonight's debate from here in Nashville. We want

to thank our hosts here at Belmont...

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